1. Vibration Frequency and Amplitude: The higher the vibration frequency and the greater the amplitude, the higher the velocity and intensity of the motion of both the media and the workpiece. Higher vibration frequencies and amplitudes enhance the collision and grinding actions between the media and the workpiece, thereby accelerating the surface treatment rate; however, they may also lead to increased damage to the workpiece surface. For instance, when processing precision electronic components, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the vibration frequency and amplitude to prevent over-processing.
2. Type, Size, and Fill Volume of Grinding and Polishing Media: Media of different materials and shapes exert varying effects on the workpiece surface. Harder media-such as silicon carbide abrasives-are suitable for removing tough burrs and oxide scale, whereas softer media-such as plastic abrasives-are employed for fine polishing applications where high surface quality is required. The size of the media influences the contact area and force exerted upon the workpiece; conversely, an excessive or insufficient fill volume will compromise processing efficiency and quality. An appropriate fill volume ensures that the media can flow freely within the processing tank and maintain uniform contact with the workpiece.
3. Processing Time: Processing time is a critical parameter influencing the final surface quality of the workpiece. During the initial stages, surface quality improves rapidly as processing time increases; however, once a certain duration is reached, the rate of improvement in surface quality begins to level off. Further extending the processing time may result in "over-polishing" of the workpiece surface-manifesting as a decline in surface gloss, the appearance of microscopic scratches, or similar defects.
